The latter was theLimes Arabicus, a chain of forts that protected the Roman territory from desert tribes.

Ruins of the castellum of Qasr Bashir.

King’s Highway (in red), and other ancient Levantine trade routes, c. 1300 BCE.

Ruins of the castellum of Qasr Bashir

To the north was the province of Syria and to the west were Judea and Egypt.

The Fortress of Qasr Bshir.

Roman fortress of Qasr Azraq.

King’s Highway (in red), and other ancient Levantine trade routes

The Fortress of Qasr Bshir.

During the first half of the 6th century, Justinian I reinforced the limes.

This article was originally published inLa Brujula Verde.

The Fortress of Qasr Bshir

It has been translated from Spanish and republished with permission.

Roman fortress of Qasr Azraq

The Fortress of Qasr Bshir